Gemelos Digitales en la Industria de Procesos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2022.16901Palabras clave:
Gemelos digitales, Modelado y toma decisiones en sistemas complejos, Soporte al operador humano, Simulación, Control y optimización en tiempo real, Estimación de estados y parámetros, Seguimiento y evaluación del funcionamientoResumen
Los gemelos digitales son plantas virtuales dotadas de una arquitectura y funcionalidades que les convierten en herramientas útiles para mejorar muchos aspectos de la operación de los procesos, desde el control a la optimización de los mismos. No obstante, para ser usados en tiempo real como herramientas eficaces de toma de decisiones, hay varios problemas abiertos que requieren investigación adicional, entre ellos los relativos a la actualización de los modelos en tiempo real y a la consideración explícita de las incertidumbres presentes en los modelos y los procesos. Este artículo discute su arquitectura y papel en el contexto de Industria 4.0, y recoge y analiza una experiencia concreta referida a la red de hidrogeno de una refinería de petróleo que ilustra las posibilidades de utilización industrial de los gemelos digitales, así como los problemas abiertos que presenta su implantaciónen la industria de procesos.
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Datos de los fondos
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Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Números de la subvención PGC2018-099312-B-C31