Optimización de Parámetros Utilizando los Métodos de Monte Carlo y Algoritmos Evolutivos. Aplicación a un Controlador de Seguimiento de Trayectoria en Sistemas no Lineales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2018.8796Palabras clave:
Control en lazo cerrado, sistemas no lineales, control de sistemas multivariables, método de Monte Carlo, Algoritmos GenéticosResumen
En este trabajo se propone una estrategia de control en lazo cerrado para el seguimiento de perfiles óptimos previamente definidos para un bioproceso fed-batch. La mayor ventaja de este enfoque es que las acciones de control se calculan resolviendo un sistema de ecuaciones lineales, sin tener que linealizar el modelo matemático, lo que permite trabajar en cualquier rango. Además, se plantean tres técnicas para la sintonización de los parámetros del controlador diseñado. Primero se propone un método de Monte Carlo, el cual es un método probabilístico. En segundo lugar, se presenta una metodología basada en Algoritmos Genéticos, una técnica evolutiva de optimización. La tercera alternativa es el desarrollo de un Algoritmo Híbrido, diseñado a partir de la combinación de los dos métodos anteriores. En todos los casos, el objetivo es encontrar los parámetros del controlador que minimicen el error total de seguimiento de trayectorias. El desempeño del controlador se evalúa a través de simulaciones en condiciones normales de operación y frente a incertidumbre paramétrica, empleando los parámetros del controlador obtenidos.
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